Incidence Of Lung Abcess And Air Leak Formation After Primary Closure With Prolene Vs Vicryl In Cases With Hydatid Cystectomy

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of lung abcess and air leak formation after primary closure with prolene vs vicryl in cases with hydatid cystectomy.

Materials and Methods:  After ethical approval, 220 eligible patients were enrolled and randomized equally into Group A (prolene closure) and Group B (vicryl closure). Written consent was obtained, and all underwent detailed clinical evaluation, laboratory tests including ELISA for IgG, and radiological assessments. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia, followed by albendazole therapy for six months. Patients were monitored for three months to detect lung abscess and air leak through imaging. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS Version 25.

Results: The mean age was 35.81 ± 6.91 years in Group A and 37.03 ± 6.89 years in Group B. Males comprised 46.4% of Group A and 52.7% of Group B. Most patients were aged 31–40 years in both groups. Lung abscess occurred in 10.0% of Group A and 18.2% of Group B (p = 0.08), while air leak was seen in 11.8% and 19.1%, respectively (p = 0.13), with no significant differences. Stratified analysis showed higher lung abscess rates in Group B males (70.6%) and patients >40 years (100%) compared to Group A, though not all differences were statistically significant. Air leak formation followed a similar trend, being more frequent in Group B across most subgroups.

Conclusion: It was concluded that postoperative lung abscess and air leaks were seen more often with Vicryl than Prolene, though the difference was not statistically significant. Prolene showed fewer complications and may be the better option, especially for high-risk patients. Both sutures are safe, but larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.